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http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4712-17
Antioxidant Activity of Pitcher Extracts
from Three Nepenthes Species (Aktiviti Antioksidan Ekstrak Kendi bagi Tiga Spesis
Nepenthes)
MUHAMMAD
AQIL FITRI ROSLI, KAMALRUL AZLAN AZIZAN & HOE-HAN GOH*
Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Institute
of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Received: 30 May 2018 /Accepted: 19 September
2018
ABSTRACT
Nepenthes, locally known as 'periuk
kera' in Malaysia, is a fascinating species due to uniqueness in
their morphology in having pitcher organ for carnivorous diet. The
pitcher plant has been used for cooking traditional delicacies and
as traditional remedies to treat illness. Hence, this species might
possess beneficial health properties. This study aimed to compare
the antioxidant activity of the pitcher extracts from Nepenthes
ampullaria, Nepenthes rafflesiana and their hybrid, Nepenthes
× hookeriana. The samples were extracted using methanol:chloroform:water
(3:1:1) via sonication assisted extraction and the extracts were
subjected to three different antioxidant assays, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH), ferric reducing power (FRAP)
and total phenolic content (TPC). Extract from N. ampullaria
exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity (0.148 ±
0.04 mg/mL) with the highest ferric reducing power (0.009 ±
0.003 mg GA/mg dry weight) among the three species, whereas that
of N. rafflesiana possessed the highest phenolic content
(0.057 ± 0.017 mg GA/mg
dry weight). However, the antioxidant capacities of the pitcher
extracts were not significantly different (p>0.05) between
the three species and were much lower than the gallic acid as a
standard reference.
Keywords: Antioxidants activity; DPPH
assay; ferric reducing power assay; Nepenthes sp.;
total phenolic content
ABSTRAK
Nepenthes, lebih dikenali sebagai
'periuk kera' di Malaysia merupakan suatu spesies yang menakjubkan
kerana keunikan morfologinya dalam mempunyai organ seperti kendi
untuk diet karnivor. Tumbuhan berkendi ini telah digunakan dalam
masakan tradisi dan juga sebagai ubat-ubatan tradisi untuk merawat
penyakit. Oleh itu, spesies ini mungkin memiliki kandungan yang
bermanfaat untuk kesihatan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan
aktiviti antioksidan ekstrak kendi daripada Nepenthes ampullaria,
Nepenthes rafflesiana dan hibrid mereka, Nepenthes ×
hookeriana. Setiap sampel telah diekstrak dengan menggunakan
metanol:kloroform:air (3:1:1) melalui pengekstrakan dengan bantuan
sonikasi dan telah diasai dengan tiga asai antioksidan yang berbeza,
iaitu 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), kuasa penurunan ferik (FRAP)
dan jumlah kandungan fenolik (TPC). Ekstrak daripada N.
ampullaria menunjukkan aktiviti pelupusan radikal yang terkuat
(0.148 ± 0.04 mg/mL) dan mempunyai kuasa penurunan ferik
yang tertinggi (0.009 ± 0.003 mg GA/mg
berat kering) antara ketiga-tiga spesies ini, namun begitu N.
rafflesiana mempunyai kandungan fenolik yang tertinggi (0.057
± 0.017 mg GA/mg berat kering). Walau bagaimanapun, tiada
perbezaan signifikan terhadap kebolehan antioksidan ekstrak kendi
daripada tiga spesies yang dikaji dan ternyata jauh lebih rendah
daripada asid galik yang merupakan piawai rujukan dalam kajian ini.
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*Corresponding author; email: gohhh@ukm.edu.my
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