Sains Malaysiana 47(6)(2018): 1221–1226

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4706-17

Effects of Durian Fruit on Blood Pressure of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

(Kesan Buah Durian ke Atas Tekanan Darah Tikus Hipertensi Spontan)

MALINA JASAMAI, NURUL HANIS SAMSUDIN, NORAZRINA AZMI

& ENDANG KUMOLOSASI*

Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

Received: 11 October 2017/Accepted: 6 February 2018

ABSTRACT

Durian or scientifically known as Durio zibethinus is one of the most well-known seasonal fruits in the Southeast Asia region. However, its safe consumption in individuals with hypertension is still controversial. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of durian on blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rat model. Four groups of rats (n=5) were fed with either a low dose durian (26 g/kg), a high dose durian (52 g/kg), sugar solution (8 mL/kg) which has similar sugar composition in the durian as placebo control and distilled water as vehicle control (8 mL/kg) for 14 days. The durian doses for rats were obtained by converting from human doses. Baseline reading of blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before the first oral administration of durian. The blood pressure and heart rate were also measured 1 h after the durian oral administration on day 1, 3, 7 and 14 of the experiment. In conclusion, durian fruit possessed an acute effect on the blood pressure of hypertensive rats but heart rate was unaffected. High dose administration of durian led to significant elevation of blood pressure after 1 h of consumption. Meanwhile, low dose of durian (26 g/kg) caused an insignificant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Tolerance to the durian fruit was observed after three to seven days of the oral administration and low dose consumption of durian fruit was safe in the hypertensive rat.

Keywords: Blood pressure; durian; heart rate; hypertension; spontaneously hypertensive rats

ABSTRAK

Durian atau nama saintifiknya Durio zibethinus adalah sejenis buah bermusim yang paling terkenal di rantau Asia Tenggara. Walau bagaimanapun, penggunaannya yang selamat pada individu berpenyakit hipertensi masih kontroversi. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan durian terhadap tekanan darah pada model tikus berhipertensi spontan. Empat kumpulan tikus (n=5) diberi sama ada dos durian yang rendah (26 g/kg), dos durian tinggi (52 g/kg), larutan gula (8 mL/kg) yang menyamai komposisi gula dalam durian sebagai kawalan plasebo atau air minuman sebagai kawalan negatif (8 mL/kg) selama 14 hari. Dos durian untuk tikus diperoleh melalui pertukaran daripada dos manusia. Bacaan asas tekanan darah dan kadar denyutan jantung direkodkan sebelum pemberian oral dos pertama durian. Tekanan darah dan kadar denyutan jantung juga diukur satu jam selepas pemberian oral dos durian pada hari ke 1, 3, 7 dan 14 eksperimen. Kesimpulannya, buah durian mempunyai kesan akut pada tekanan darah tikus berhipertensi tetapi kadar denyutan jantung tidak terjejas. Pengambilan dos durian yang tinggi menunjukkan peningkatan ketara tekanan darah selepas satu jam. Sementara itu, pengambilan dos durian yang rendah (26 g/kg) menyebabkan penurunan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik yang tidak ketara. Toleransi terhadap buah durian diperhatikan selepas tiga hingga tujuh hari pemberian oral dan pengambilan dos buah durian yang rendah adalah selamat pada tikus berhipertensi.

Kata kunci: Durian; hipertensi; kadar denyutan jantung; tekanan darah; tikus berhipertensi spontan

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*Corresponding author; email: e_kumolosasi@ukm.edu.my