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Sains Malaysiana 47(7)(2018): 1359–1367
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4707-02
The Optimization of RBD Palm Oil Epoxidation Process using D-Optimal Design (Pengoptimuman Proses Pengepoksidaan Minyak Sawit RBD menggunakan Reka Bentuk
D-Optimum)
NURAZIRA MOHD NOR, DARFIZZI DERAWI
& JUMAT SALIMON*
School of
Chemical Science and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Received: 5 August 2017/Accepted: 25 February
2018
ABSTRACT
The epoxidation process of RBD palm
oil was carried out using in situ generated performic acid. The effect
of various process variables such as the formic acid towards hydrogen peroxide
mole ratio, the reaction temperature and the reaction time were optimized by
using response surface methodology (RSM). The D-optimal design was
used to evaluate the influence of process variables and their interaction in
order to obtain the process optimum conditions. The results showed that the
optimum conditions of the epoxidation process were at 5.91 mole ratio of formic
acid towards 3.60 mole of hydrogen peroxide, reaction temperature of 40ºC and
reaction time of 2.55 h. At the optimum condition, the epoxidised RBD palm
oil (EPO) yield was 86% with oxirane oxygen content (OOC)
of 3.46%. The results showed in good agreement with the predicted values from
the RSM model.
Keywords: D-optimal design; epoxidation;
epoxidised RBD palm oil
ABSTRAK
Proses pengepoksidaan minyak sawit
RBD
telah dijalankan menggunakan asid performik terjana
secara in-situ.
Kesan pelbagai proses pemboleh ubah seperti nisbah mol asid formik
terhadap hidrogen peroksida, suhu tindak balas dan masa tindak balas
telah dioptimumkan dengan menggunakan kaedah permukaan respons (RSM).
Reka bentuk D-optimum telah digunakan untuk menilai pengaruh dan
interaksi pelbagai pemboleh ubah proses untuk mendapatkan keadaan
proses yang optimum. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa keadaan
optimum proses pengepoksidaan diperoleh pada nisbah 5.91 mol asid
formik terhadap 3.60 mol hidrogen peroksida, suhu tindak balas pada
40ºC dan masa tindak balas selama 2.55 jam. Pada keadaan
optimum, hasil minyak sawit terepoksida (EPO)
adalah sebanyak 86% dengan nilai kandungan oksigen oksiran (OOC)
sebanyak 3.46%. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan keputusan yang menyamai
nilai-nilai yang diramalkan daripada model RSM.
Kata
kunci: Minyak sawit RBD; REFERENCES
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*Corresponding author; email: jumat@ukm.edu.my
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