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http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4707-27
Microwave Technique for Moisture Content and pH
Determination during Pre- Harvest of Mango cv. Chok Anan (Teknik Mikro Ketuhar untuk Kandungan Lembapan
dan Penentuan pH Semasa Pra-Tuaian Mangga cv. Chok Anan)
NORADIRA SUHAIME1,
MASNIZA
SAIRI1,2,
ZULKIFLY
ABBAS1*,
NUR
BIHA
MOHAMED
NAFIS1,
ZAULIA
OTHMAN3, AMIR SYARIFFUDDEEN
MHD
ADNAN2, AMIR
REDZUAN
SHAMSULKAMAL2, SURIATI
PAIMAN1
& TITY NAZLEEN MOHAMED1
1Department of Physics, Faculty
of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Engineering Research
Center, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute
(MARDI), MARDI Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 UPM Serdang,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
3Bank Gene and Seed
Center, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute
(MARDI), MARDI Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 UPM Serdang,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Received: 14 December 2017/Accepted:
20 February 2018
ABSTRACT
The maturity of mango is usually
assessed by the determination of its moisture content (m.c.), soluble solid
content (SSC) and pH. However, these techniques are either time consuming,
tedious or destructive. In this research, we extend the application of the
open-ended coaxial probe technique to determine m.c. and pH of Chok Anan mango
from its dielectric properties from week 5 to week 17 after anthesis. The
effects of frequency and m.c. on the values of the dielectric constant and loss
factor were also investigated. The critical frequency separating the different
polarizations was found to be inversely proportional to m.c. Also, in this
research we proposed a new classification of fruit ripeness related to the
number of weeks after anthesis. The actual dielectric properties, m.c., SSC and
pH of Chok Anan mango were measured using standard methods. Relationships were
established between the dielectric constant, loss factor, critical frequency,
pH and m.c. The accuracy for the determination of m.c. and pH using the coaxial
probe was within 1.7% and 3.0%, respectively.
Keywords: Dielectric; loss factor;
moisture content; open-ended coaxial probe; pH
ABSTRAK
Kematangan mangga biasanya
ditentukan oleh kandungan lembapan (m.c.), kandungan pepejal larut (SSC) dan
pH. Walau bagaimanapun, teknik ini memakan masa yang lama, rumit atau
merosakkan buah. Dalam penyelidikan ini, kami memperluaskan penggunaan teknik
pengesan sepaksi terbuka untuk menentukan m.c. dan pH mangga Chok Anan daripada
sifat dielektriknya dari minggu 5 hingga minggu 17 selepas pendebungaan. Kesan
frekuensi dan m.c. pada nilai dielektrik dan faktor kehilangan juga dikaji.
Frekuensi kritikal yang memisahkan polarisasi yang berbeza didapati berkadar
songsang dengan m.c.. Selain itu, dalam penyelidikan ini kami mencadangkan
pengelasan terbaharu untuk kematangan buah yang berkaitan dengan bilangan
minggu selepas pendebungaan. Sifat dielektrik, m.c., SSC dan pH mangga Chok
Anan yang sebenar diukur menggunakan kaedah piawai. Hubungan antara nilai
dielektrik, faktor kehilangan, frekuensi kritikal, pH dan m.c. telah
dibangunkan. Ketepatan untuk penentuan m.c. dan pH menggunakan pengesan sepaksi
terbuka masing-masing adalah sebanyak 1.7% dan 3.0%.
Kata
kunci: Dielektrik; faktor kehilangan; kandungan lembapan; pengesan sepaksi
terbuka; pH
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*Corresponding
author; email: za@upm.edu.my
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