Sains Malaysiana 48(3)(2019):
607–612
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4803-13
Muscle Size and Strength Benefits
of Functional Electrical Stimulation-Evoked Cycling Dosage in Spinal
Cord Injury: A Narrative Review
(Faedah Dos Rangsangan-Elektrik Berfungsi Berbasikal terhadap Saiz dan Kekuatan
Otot pada Kecederaan Saraf Tunjang: Suatu Kajian Naratif)
NURHAIDA ROSLEY1,
NUR
AZAH
HAMZAID2,
NAZIRAH
HASNAN3,
GLEN
M DAVIS4 & HAIDZIR
MANAF*1
1Centre of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA (Puncak Alam Campus), 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Department of Biomdical Engineering, Faculty
of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory,
Malaysia
3Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University
Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
4Department of Clinical
Exercise and Rehabilitation Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University
of Sydney, Camperdown NSW 2006, Australia
Received: 19 July 2017/Accepted:
9 January 2019
ABSTRACT
Loss of sensory motor function
is one of the main causes of physical and activity limitations among
individual with spinal cord injury (SCI). SCI may
lead to muscle paralysis, weakness and disused muscle atrophy. Evidences
have shown electrical stimulation and strengthening exercise might
improve lower limb muscle strength and size among individual with
SCI.
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) evoked cycling is one of
the methods that can elicit leg muscle contractions in order to
produce a cycling motion and promote the integrity of the involved
muscles. Therefore, this review is to synthesize the scientific
literature regarding the effects of multiple dosages of FES-evoked lower limb cycling on muscle
properties. A systematic literature search
from 1946 to 2016 was performed. From over 1,139 articles retrieved
from the database, about 31 potentially relevant articles were retained
for possible inclusion. However, only 10 articles out of 31 articles
fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Although the available evidence
is compelling, there is insufficient quantity and quality evidence
to draw conclusions regarding the specific parameter of FES-CE
that may optimally increase muscle strength, mass,
and circumference. However, it can be safely concluded that an effective
training session would spend for 45-60 min, 3 times a week for at
least 4 weeks to see changes in muscle size and strength.
Keywords: Cycling exercise; functional
electrical stimulation; muscle strength; spinal cord injury
ABSTRAK
Kehilangan fungsi deria motor adalah salah satu
punca kepada
pembatasan fizikal dan aktiviti dalam
kalangan individu
yang mengalami kecederaan saraf tunjang. Kecederaan saraf tujang boleh mengakibatkan
kelumpuhan otot,
kelemahan dan ketidakgunaan
otot atau atrofi. Bukti menunjukkan
stimulasi elektrik
dan senaman kekuatan
otot boleh memperbaiki saiz dan kekuatan otot
bahagian kaki dalam
kalangan individu yang mengalami kecederaan saraf tunjang. Sistem berbasikal rangsangan FES adalah
salah satu metod yang boleh merangsang kontraksi otot kaki untuk menghasilkan pergerakan berbasikal dan meningkatkan integriti otot yang terlibat. Oleh itu, kajian
ini adalah bertujuan untuk mensintesis kepustakaan saintifik untuk mengkaji kesan pelbagai dos rangsangan FES
untuk anggota bawah
berbasikal pada
sifat otot. Satu
carian kepustakaan
secara sistematik telah dijalankan dari 1946 hingga 2016. Daripada 1,139 artikel yang didapati daripada pangkalan data, 31 artikel yang
berpotensi telah dikekalkan mengikut kebarangkalian inklusi. Walau bagaimanapun, hanya 10 artikel daripada 31 artikel memenuhi kriteria rangkuman. Walaupun bukti yang didapati sangat menarik perhatian, namun kuantiti dan kualitinya
tidak mencukupi
untuk dijadikan kesimpulan berkaitan dengan parameter khusus FES-CE
yang mampu meningkatkan
kekuatan, jisim
dan ukur lilit
otot secara
optimum. Namun, ia selamat
untuk disimpulkan
bahawa keberkesanan suatu sesi latihan
mengambil masa 45-60 minit,
3 kali seminggu untuk
sekurang-kurangnya 4 minggu untuk melihat perubahan
saiz dan kekuatan otot.
Kata kunci: Kecederaan
saraf tunjang;
kekuatan otot; rangsangan elektrik berfungsi; senaman berbasikal
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*Corresponding
author; email: haidzir5894@uitm.edu.my
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