Sains Malaysiana 49(2)(2020): 383-388

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4902-16

Effects of Different Types of Primary Pterygium on Changes in Oculovisual Function 

(Jenis Pterigium Primari dan Kesannya pada Perubahan Fungsi Okulovisual)

MOHD RADZI HILMI¹, KHAIRIDZAN MOHD KAMAL²*, AZRIN ESMADY ARIFFIN⁴, NUR AIN NORAZMAR¹, NUR NABILAH MARUZIKI¹, NUR HIDAYAH MUSA¹, MARDHIAH SYAZWANI NASIR¹, MOHD ZULFAEZAL CHE AZEMIN¹, MUHAMMAD HANAFI AZAMI³ & MUHAMMAD AFZAM SHAH ABDUL RAHIM¹

¹Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia

²Department of Ophthalmology, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia

³Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

⁴Faculty of Optometry and Vision Science, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, 47810 SEGi University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 21 March 2019/Accepted: 29 October 2019

ABSTRACT

Pterygium are known to cause reduction in oculovisual function. However, the effects are varying due to its various morphological factors, thus, the impact on patient are difficult to predict which indirectly not all pterygium need to be excised. To describe the effects of different types of pterygium on changes in oculovisual function. Ninety-three (93) primary pterygium eyes from 93 patients were recruited in this study. Diagnosis and classification of primary pterygium were done by a consultant ophthalmologist (KMK). Standard optometric examinations were performed in all participants. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) was subjectively measured using computerised M&S Technologies Smart System II, performed by a single operator on the same visit. Pterygium excision was done based on a standardised method performed by a single surgeon (KMK). At third month post-surgical, repeated measurements of BCVA and CS were performed. Difference between pre and post-surgical was taken as magnitude changes for each pterygium type. Paired T-test and ANOVA were employed to evaluate the difference between pre- and post-surgical and pterygium types for both BCVA and CS parameters. Overall mean (n = 93) of BCVA and CS were found significantly associated with advance pterygium (P < 0.001). Paired T-test and ANOVA results showed a significant difference in BCVA and CS values between pterygium groups in pre- and post-surgical sessions and between pterygium types (both P < 0.001). Reduction of oculovisual function in pterygium patient is expected in advance pterygium. Management of pterygium should be coherent with pterygium types.

Keywords: Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA); contrast sensitivity; morphology; primary pterygium; pterygium excision

Abstrak

Untuk mengkaji jenis pterigium yang mampu mengubah fungsi okulovisual. Sebanyak 93 mata daripada 93 pesakit pterigium primer telah direkrut untuk kajian ini. Diagnosis dan pengelasan pterigium primer dilakukan oleh pakar perunding oftalmologi (KMK). Semua peserta kajian telah menjalani pemeriksaan optometri piawai. Ketajaman visual yang diperbetulkan terbaik (BCVA) dan sensitiviti kontras (CS) diukur pada sesi yang sama untuk setiap sesi oleh seorang operator (MRH) secara subjektif menggunakan perisian M&S Technologies Smart System II. Pembedahan pterigium dilakukan oleh seorang pakar bedah (KMK) menggunakan kaedah piawai. Setelah 3 bulan pos-pembedahan, pengukuran BCVA dan CS dilakukan semula. Perubahan untuk setiap jenis pterigium ditakrifkan sebagai perbezaan magnitud antara pra dan pos-pembedahan. Ujian T-berpasangan dan ANOVA digunakan untuk menganalisis perbezaan antara pra dan pos-pembedahan untuk BCVA dan CS. Min keseluruhan untuk BCVA dan CS (n = 93) berkolerasi secara signifikan dengan lanjutan pterigium (P < 0.001). Ujian T-berpasangan dan ANOVA menunjukkan perubahan signifikan pada nilai BCVS dan CS antara jenis pterigium ketika pra dan pos-pembedahan dan antara jenis pterigium (kedua-dua P < 0.001). Untuk pesakit pterigium, pengurangan fungsi okulovisual dijangkakan berlaku pada peringkat lanjutan pterigium. Pengurusan pterigium seharusnya mengambil kira jenis pterigium.

Kata kunci: Kelengkungan kornea; ketajaman visual yang diperbetulkan terbaik (BCVA); morfologi; pterigium; sensitiviti kontras

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*Corresponding author; email: khairidzan@gmail.com