Sains Malaysiana 49(9)(2020): 2159-2168
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4909-14
Antidiabetes
Activity of Herbal Product Containing Phyllanthus
niruri and Zingiber americans
(Aktiviti
Antidiabetes Produk Herba yang Mengandungi Phyllanthus niruri dan Zingiber
americans)
ELFAHMI1,2*,
I KETUT ADNYANA1, IKA FITRIA1 & TAUFIK TAUFIKURAHMAN3
1School
of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
2University Centre of Excellence, Nutraceutical, Bioscience and
Biotechnology Research Center, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
3School
of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
Received: 16 January 2020/Accepted:
7 May 2020
ABSTRACT
The
diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic diseases that has high prevalence rates
in the world. It is defined as a state of hyperglycemia which usually
accompanied by increasing blood glucose level. The combination of Phyllanthus
niruri herbs and Zingiber americans rhizome has been produced as herbal
medicine for the treatment of diabetes. The efficacy of combination of these
plants is still based on empirical data. This research aimed to prove the
antidiabetes activity of herbal medicine product containing P. niruri and Z. americans in vivo. Antidiabetes activity was tested using oral glucose tolerance and alloxan
induced methods. The blood glucose levels were measured in each experiment. In
addition, the plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were also measured.
The results showed that the decrease of blood glucose levels on oral glucose
tolerance method were 40.98, 44.84, and 47.02% at doses of 90, 135, and 203
mg/kg BW, respectively (p <0.05) compared to control. While the decrease in
blood glucose levels in alloxan induced method were 33.05, 38.82, and 41.79% at
dose 90, 135, and 203 mg/kg BW, respectively (p <0.05) compared to control.
The extract of dose 203 mg/kg BW appeared to be the most potent to decrease
blood glucose levels in both methods, but did not show suppression activity of
triglycerides and total cholesterol plasma. Suppression activities of serum
triglycerides and total cholesterol were shown after treatment with the extract
dose 90 and 135 mg/kg BW, which were significantly different to control (p <
0.05). The herbal product contains flavonoid, phenol and tannin, which total of
each were 0.15, 0.16, and 1.85% w/w, respectively.
Keywords:
Diabetes; herbal medicines; jamu; Phyllanthus niruri; Zingiber
americans
ABSTRAK
Penyakit
kencing manis ialah salah satu penyakit kronik yang umum di dunia. Penyakit ini
didefinisikan sebagai keadaan hiperglikemik yang diikuti dengan tingginya kadar
gula dalam darah. Kombinasi tanaman herba Phyllanthud niruri dan Zingiber americans telah dijadikan sebagai produk ubat herba untuk
mengubati penyakit diabetes. Kesan daripada gabungan dua tanaman ini
masih berdasarkan kepada data empirik. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk membuktikan
khasiat anti-diabetes daripada salah satu produk ubatan herba yang mengandungi P.
niruri dan Z. americans secara in vivo. Kajian ke atas anti-diabetes
ini dijalankan menggunakan kaedah induksi aloksan. Kandungan gula dalam darah
untuk setiap percubaan dihitung. Selain itu, kadar trigliserids dan kolestrol
juga diukur. Hasil menunjukkan bahawa kadar gula dalam darah dapat diturunkan
dengan kaedah toleransi glukosa sebanyak 40.98, 44.84 dan 47.02% dengan dos 90,
135 dan 203 mg/kg BW (p < 0.05) berbanding kawalan. Penurunan dengan kaedah
induksi aloksan pula adalah 33.05, 38.82 dan 42.79% pada dos 90, 135 dan 203
mg/kg BW (p < 0.05) berbanding kawalan. Ekstrak yang mengandungi dos 203
mg/kg BW menunjukkan penurunan kadar gula dalam darah paling tinggi dalam
kedua-dua kaedah yang digunakan, namun tidak menunjukkan aktiviti penindasan
trigliserids dan jumlah plasma kolestrol. Aktiviti penindasan serum
trigliserids dan jumlah kolesterol dilihat selepas rawatan dengan ekstrak dos
90 dan 135 mg/kg BW, berbanding kawalan (p< 0.05). Produk herba ini
mengandungi flavonoid, fenol dan tanin dengan jumlah sebanyak 0.15, 0.16 dan
1.85% w/w.
Kata
kunci: Jamu; kencing
manis; Phyllanthus niruri; ubat herba; Zingiber americans
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*Corresponding
author; email: elfahmi@fa.itb.ac.id
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