Sains Malaysiana 50(10)(2021): 3095-3106

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5010-22

Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Acacia and Citrus Honeys on Cholesterol Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

(Kesan Hipokolesterolemik Madu Akasia dan Sitrus pada Tikus Sprague Dawley Sprague Teraruh Kolesterol)

MUHAMMAD BILAL HUSSAIN, RABIA SHABIR AHMAD*, MUHAMMAD UMAIR ARSHAD, ALI IMRAN & MUHAMMAD IMRAN

Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Received: 1 November 2020/Accepted: 18 February 2021

ABSTRACT

During the last decade, scientific investigations have put more focus on diet based therapies to prevent numerous maladies especially hypercholesterolemia and related disorders. Current project was designed to discover the nutraceutical worth of natural unifloral honeys from Acacia nilotica (Desi Kikar) and Citrus limetta (Mosambi) against hypercholesterolemia. Initially both honey varieties were analyzed for TPC and TFC, followed by DPPH and FRAP assays. Afterwards, honey drinks were prepared using different concentrations of Acacia and Citrus honeys (10:20:30 g/250 mL water) and were tested in experimental rat model. Initially the rats were provided with high cholesterol diet (2%) to induce hypercholesterolemia, which were then provided with honey drinks for 8 weeks. These were monitored regularly for feed and water intake and weekly for body weight gain. The blood samples for total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglyceride levels as well as safety assessment tests were analyzed at the intervals of 0, 28, and 56 days, which showed that Acacia honey was better in terms of antioxidant potential (DPPH, FRAP, and TPC) than the Citrus honey. Feed and drink intakes along with body weight gain showed significant effect among all the experimental groups. Substantial reduction in cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides was observed in G₃ (213.82±3.36 to 183.95±3.02 mg/dL), (150.05±2.30 to 125.44±3.32 mg/dL) and (163.24±4.87 to 133.64±4.75 mg/dL), respectively, from 0 to 56^th day. Liver and kidney functioning values decreased within the normal range. Owing to strong antioxidant potential, Acacia honey was proved to be more effective in controlling hypercholesterolemia than the Citrus honey.

Keywords: Acacia honey; antioxidants; Citrus honey; hypercholesterolemia

ABSTRAK

Sepanjang dekad yang lalu, penyelidikan saintifik lebih tertumpu pada terapi berasaskan diet untuk mencegah banyak penyakit terutama hiperkolesterolemia dan gangguan yang berkaitan. Projek ini dirancang untuk mengkaji nilai nutraseutikal madu unifloral semula jadi daripada Acacia nilotica (Desi Kikar) dan Citrus limetta (Mosambi) terhadap hiperkolesterolemia. Pada mulanya kedua-dua varieti madu dianalisis untuk TPC dan TFC, diikuti dengan asai DPPH dan FRAP. Selepas itu, minuman madu disediakan menggunakan kepekatan yang berbeza daripada madu Akasia dan Sitrus (10:20:30 g/250 mL air) dan diuji dalam model tikus uji kaji. Pada mulanya tikus diberi diet tinggi kolesterol (2%) untuk mengaruh hiperkolesterolemia, yang kemudian diberikan minuman madu selama 8 minggu. Ia dipantau secara berkala untuk pengambilan makanan dan air dan setiap minggu untuk kenaikan berat badan. Sampel darah untuk kadar kolesterol jumlah, LDL, HDL, aras trigliserida serta ujian penilaian keselamatan dianalisis pada selang 0, 28 dan 56 hari yang menunjukkan bahawa madu Akasia lebih baik daripada segi potensi antioksidan (DPPH, FRAP dan TPC) daripada madu Sitrus. Pengambilan makanan dan minuman bersama dengan kenaikan berat badan menunjukkan kesan yang signifikan antara semua kumpulan uji kaji. Pengurangan kolesterol, LDL dan trigliserida yang ketara diperhatikan pada G₃ (213.82 ± 3.36 hingga 183.95 ± 3.02 mg/dL), (150.05 ± 2.30 hingga 125.44 ± 3.32 mg/dL) dan (163.24 ± 4.87 hingga 133.64 ± 4.75 mg/dL), masing-masing dari 0 hingga hari ke-56. Nilai fungsi hati dan ginjal menurun dalam julat normal. Oleh kerana potensi antioksidan yang kuat, madu Akasia terbukti lebih berkesan dalam mengawal hiperkolesterolemia daripada madu Sitrus.

Kata kunci: Antioksidan; hiperkolesterolemia; madu Akasia; madu Sitrus

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*Corresponding author; email: rabiaahmad@gcuf.edu.pk