Sains Malaysiana 50(6)(2021): 1775-1786

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5006-23

Pembentukan Fasa dan Suhu Genting Superkonduktor (Tl_0.5Pb_0.5)Sr₂Ca(Cu_2-xCr_x)O_7-δ (x = 0 - 0.100)

(Phase Formation and Critical Temperature of (Tl_0.5Pb_0.5)Sr₂Ca(Cu_2-xCr_x)O_7-δ (x = 0 to 0.100) Superconductor)

E. YUSRIANTO¹, A.N. JANNAH² & R. ABD-SHUKOR¹*

¹Department of Applied Physics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Negeri Sembilan Branch, Kuala Pilah Campus, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Received: 13 September 2020/Accepted: 23 October 2020

ABSTRAK

Superkonduktor fasa (Tl_0.5Pb_0.5)Sr₂Ca(Cu_2-xCr_x)O_7-δ (Tl-1212) bagi x = 0 hingga 0.100 telah disediakan menggunakan kaedah tindak balas keadaan pepejal. Tujuan kajian ini ialah menentukan suhu optimum untuk pembentukan fasa Tl-1212 dengan komposisi ini.  Sampel telah disediakan dalam aliran gas oksigen dalam tiga suhu berlainan iaitu 850 °C dalam kerajang perak selama 5 jam dan 950 °C dan 1000 °C selama 4 min. Bahan telah diciri menggunakan kaedah pembelauan sinar-X untuk mengenal pasti fasa dan pengukuran rintangan elektrik (R) untuk menentukan suhu genting. Sampel yang dipanaskan pada 950 °C menunjukkan pecahan isi padu fasa Tl-1212 yang tertinggi (94% bagi x = 0). Sampel yang dipanaskan pada 1000 °C menunjukkan suhu genting yang tertinggi dengan x = 0.100 menunjukkan suhu genting mula, T_{c mula} tertinggi iaitu 102 K. Terbitan rintangan melawan suhu (T), dR/dT menunjukkan sampel yang dipanaskan pada 1000 °C (x = 0.015 - 0.100) mempunyai puncak yang hampir sama iaitu T_p1 = T_p2. Ini menunjukkan suhu kesuperkonduksian intrabutiran (T_p1) dan antara butiran (T_p2) berlaku adalah sama. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan suhu pemanasan 950 °C adalah suhu optimum untuk pembentukan fasa Tl-1212 sementara 1000 °C adalah suhu optimum untuk mendapatkan suhu genting tertinggi.

Kata kunci: Pembelauan sinar-X;  pembentukan fasa; rintangan elektrik; suhu pemanasan

ABSTRACT

The (Tl_0.5Pb_0.5)Sr₂Ca(Cu_2-xCr_x)O_7-δ (Tl-1212) phase with x = 0 to 0.100 was prepared using the solid state reaction method. The objective of this work was to determine the optimum temperature for the formation of the Tl-1212 phase with the above composition.  The samples were heated in oxygen flow with three different temperatures of 850 °C in silver foil for 5 h, and 950 °C and 1000 °C for 4 min. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction methods to identify phase and electrical resistance (R) measurements to the determine critical temperature. Samples heated at 950 °C showed the highest Tl-1212 phase volume fraction (94 % for x = 0). The samples heated at 1000 °C showed the highest critical temperature with x = 0.100 exhibited the highest onset critical temperature, T_{c onset} of 102 K.  The derivative of resistance with respect to temperature (T), dR/dT of the samples heated at 1000 °C (x = 0.015 - 0.100) showed almost the same peak temperature where T_p1 = T_p2. This indicated that superconductivity for intragrain (T_p1) and between grains (T_p2) occurred at the same temperature. These results showed that 950 °C was the optimum temperature for the formation of the Tl-1212 phase and heat treatment at 1000 °C showed the highest critical temperature.

Keywords: Electrical resistance; heating temperature; phase formation; X-ray diffraction

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*Corresponding author; email: ras@ukm.edu.my