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Sains Malaysiana 51(10)(2022):
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5110-21
Orthodontic Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption: The
Process Involved and Its Management – A Review of Literature
(Penyerapan Akar Gigi Hasil daripada Keradangan Ortodontik: Proses Terlibat dan Pengurusannya - Tinjauan Kepustakaan)
STEVEN TAN JUN HONG1, FARINAWATI YAZID1,
NURFATHIHA ABU KASIM2, SHAHRUL HISHAM ZAINAL ARIFFIN3 & ROHAYA MEGAT ABDUL WAHAB1
1Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
2Halvec Laboratories Sdn. Bhd., G-E-4, GF,
Enterprise 4, Technology Park Malaysia, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur,
Federal Territory, Malaysia
3Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Received:
16 November 2021/Accepted: 9 May 2022
Abstract
Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption
(OIIRR) is inevitable as the force applied during orthodontic treatment to
initiate tooth movement induces inflammation, causing iatrogenic root
resorption. Even with the use of new technologies in orthodontic appliances,
the traumatic effects on the periodontium are still present. Therefore, a
proper understanding of the biological aspect of OIIRR such as its pathophysiology
and the repair process is crucial to aid in its prevention or minimizing the
damage to the apical region. Reported studies related to root resorption in
orthodontics and its management until 2022 were searched electronically via
PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords such as ‘root resorption’,
‘orthodontic treatment’, ‘root resorption repair’, and ‘management’. Other
sources were taken from the references of the selected papers. The management
of OIIRR has not changed much from the past, which is to temporarily stop the
active orthodontic treatment for two to three months and a passive archwire can be used instead. However, interventions such
as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), and
mechanical vibrational force were introduced to reduce the risk or enhance the
healing process of OIIRR. Nevertheless, further studies are warranted to
develop a proper usage protocol and the long-term effects of these methods.
Keywords: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound; low-level
laser therapy; orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption
Abstrak
Penyerapan akar gigi hasil daripada keradangan ortodontik (OIIRR) tidak dapat dielakkan
kerana tekanan yang diberikan semasa rawatan ortodontik untuk menggerakkan gigi
akan merangsang proses keradangan dan mengakibatkan penyerapan akar gigi
iatrogenik. Walaupun dengan penggunaan teknologi baru dalam aplians
ortodontik, kesan trauma pada periodontium masih ada. Dengan ini, pemahaman
yang tepat mengenai aspek biologi OIIRR seperti patofisiologi dan proses
pembaikan OIIRR adalah sangat penting untuk membantu dalam pencegahan atau
meminimakan kerosakan pada kawasan apikal. Kajian yang berkaitan dengan
penyerapan akar gigi dalam rawatan ortodontik dan pengurusannya sehingga tahun
2022 telah dicari secara elektronik melalui PubMed, Scopus dan Google Scholar
dengan menggunakan kata kunci seperti ‘penyerapan akar gigi’, ‘rawatan ortodontik’,
‘pembaikan penyerapan akar gigi’ dan ‘pengurusan rawatan’. Sumber lain juga diambil
daripada rujukan yang terdapat dalam artikel terpilih. Pengurusan rawatan untuk
OIIRR tidak banyak berubah sejak dahulu, iaitu menghentikan rawatan aktif
ortodontik buat sementara selama dua hingga tiga bulan dan boleh memasang wayar
arkus secara pasif. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat kaedah baru seperti terapi laser tahap rendah (LLLT), ultra bunyi denyutan
berkeamatan rendah (LIPUS) dan daya getaran mekanikal telah diperkenalkan untuk
mengurangkan risiko atau membantu dalam proses penyembuhan
OIIRR. Namun, kajian lanjutan diperlukan untuk menentukan protokol penggunaan
yang betul dan kesan jangka panjang kaedah tersebut.
Kata kunci: Penyerapan akar gigi hasil daripada keradangan ortodontik; terapi laser tahap rendah; ultrabunyi denyutan
berkeamatan rendah
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*Corresponding author; email: rohaya_megat@ukm.edu.my
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