Sains Malaysiana 51(4)(2022): 959-976

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5104-02

 

Review on Remote Sensing Technologies for Seagrass Mapping in Tropical Region

(Ulasan bagi Teknologi Penderiaan Jauh untuk Pemetaan Rumput Laut di Wilayah Tropika)

 

WIWIN AMBARWULAN1,*, RATNA SARI DEWI1 & WIDIATMAKA2

 

1Geospatial Information Agency (Badan Informasi Geospasial), Jalan Raya Jakarta Bogor  KM 46, Cibinong, Indonesia

2Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Jalan Meranti, Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia

 

Received: 6 July 2021/Accepted: 12 September 2021

 

Abstract

Seagrass ecosystems can be mapped using RS because this technique is versatile and accurate. The availability of seagrass information is very important for the sustainable management of seagrass ecosystems. The use of RS technology to map seagrass has become the focus of many researches worldwide by using various types of platforms, sensors and various algorithms for satellite imagery processing. In literature, there have been many review papers related to seagrass, however, a comprehensive review on various aspects of seagrass is limited. The objective of this review paper was to fill the gap by highlighting the existing RS technology, seagrass biophysical property and image processing analysis. Review results indicated that RS technology is a powerful tool for accelerating seagrass mapping and for monitoring the condition of seagrass ecosystems at regional scale due to the availability of long-archived RS data and their free-access. In literature, the empirical approaches still dominated seagrass mapping methodology compared to the semi-analytic and analytic approaches. A clear conclusion from this review is that the development in sensor technology and data processing algorithm is still ongoing and has driven RS capabilities to map seagrass more rapidly, accurately and less expensive. Future research on seagrass mapping could be focused on a more automated classification by applying machine-learning to handle a large amount of data to improve accuracy and to discover robust methods for image pre-processing that is suitable for tropical shallow waters such as those in Indonesia.

 

Keywords: RS; seagrass; shallow water; tropical region

 

Abstrak

Ekosistem rumput laut dapat dipetakan menggunakan penginderaan jauh kerana teknik ini serba boleh dan tepat. Ketersediaan maklumat rumput laut sangat penting untuk pengurusan ekosistem rumpai laut yang lestari. Penggunaan teknologi penginderaan jauh untuk memetakan rumput laut telah menjadi tumpuan banyak penyelidikan di seluruh dunia dengan menggunakan pelbagai jenis pentas, sensor dan pelbagai algoritma untuk pemprosesan citra satelit. Dalam kepustakaan, terdapat banyak makalah kajian yang berkaitan dengan rumput laut, namun, tinjauan komprehensif mengenai pelbagai aspek rumput laut adalah terbatas. Objektif kertas ini adalah untuk mengisi jurang dengan mengetengahkan teknologi penginderaan jauh yang ada, harta biofisik rumput laut dan analisis pemprosesan gambar. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan bahawa teknologi penginderaan jauh adalah alat yang ampuh untuk mempercepat pemetaan rumput laut dan untuk memantau keadaan ekosistem rumput laut pada skala wilayah kerana ketersediaan data penginderaan jauh yang diarkibkan lama dan akses bebasnya. Dalam kepustakaan, pendekatan empirik masih mendominasi kaedah pemetaan rumput laut berbanding dengan pendekatan separa-analitik dan analitik. Kesimpulan yang jelas daripada tinjauan ini adalah bahawa pengembangan teknologi sensor dan algoritma pemprosesan data masih berterusan dan mendorong keupayaan penginderaan jauh untuk memetakan rumput laut dengan lebih cepat, tepat dan lebih murah. Penyelidikan masa depan mengenai pemetaan rumput laut dapat difokuskan pada pengelasan yang lebih automatik dengan menerapkan pembelajaran mesin untuk menangani sejumlah besar data untuk meningkatkan ketepatan dan untuk menemukan kaedah yang kuat untuk pemprosesan gambar yang sesuai untuk perairan dangkal tropika.

 

Kata kunci: Kawasan tropika; penginderaan jauh; perairan cetek; rumput laut

 

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*Corresponding author; email: wiwin.ambarwulan@big.go.id

 

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