Sains Malaysiana 47(6)(2018): 1077–1084

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4706-01

 

Effect of Salinities on Gastric Emptying and Nutrient Absorption of Tiger Grouper × Giant Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus) Hybrid

(Kesan Kemasinan terhadap Pengosongan Gastrik dan Penyerapan Nutrien pada Hibrid Kerapu Harimau × Kerapu Kertang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus)

 

NOORASHIKIN MD NOOR1, SIMON KUMAR DAS1,2*, ZAIDI CHE COB1,2

& MAZLAN ABD. GHAFFAR3

 

1School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

2Marine Ecosystem Research Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

3Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti of Malaysia Terengganu

21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 10 Julai2017/Diterima: 1 Februari 2018

 

 

ABSTRACT

The effects of salinity on the gastric emptying time (GET) and absorption of nutrient along the alimentary tract of tiger grouper (TG) × giant grouper (GG) (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus) hybrid were studied. Juveniles TG×GG hybrid grouper (10.0 ± 0.5 cm total length; 50.5 ± 2.0 g) were reared in different salinities (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 parts per thousand (ppt)) and fed with commercial pellet diet during the 60-day experimental period. The fish were then slaughtered sequentially at different time intervals after initial feeding to obtain GET. Our results showed that low salinity (10-20 ppt) lead to a shorter GET in the hybrid grouper. The shortest and longest GETs were observed in 15 ppt (12 h) and 30 ppt (18 h) treatments, respectively. Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) using ash contents was measured to determine the absorption of nutrient in each treatment. The absorption of macronutrient in TG×GG hybrid grouper was increased as the salinity decreased. The highest absorption occurred in 15 ppt (72% protein, 75% lipid, 68% carbohydrate and 74% energy) while the lowest absorption occurred in 30 ppt (59% protein, 64% lipid, 34% carbohydrate and 55% energy). The findings of this study suggested that 15 ppt salinity facilitates faster digestion and maximize the nutrient absorption of TG×GG hybrid and may enhance the growth rate of this newly developed grouper species.

 

Keywords: Aquaculture; digestion; hybrid grouper; nutrient absorption; salinity

 

ABSTRAK

Pengaruh tahap kemasinan pada masa pengosongan gastrik (GET) dan penyerapan nutrien di dalam saluran pencernaan hibrid kerapu harimau (TG) × kerapu kertang (GG) (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus) telah dikaji. Juvenil kerapu hibrid TG×GG (10.0 ± 0.5 cm panjang dan 50.5 ± 2.0 gram berat awal) dikultur dalam kemasinan yang berbeza (10, 15, 20, 25 dan 30 bahagian per seribu (ppt)) dan diberi pelet komersial semasa 60 hari tempoh eksperimen. Ikan disembelih mengikut urutan pada masa yang berlainan selepas makanan pertama diberi untuk mengira GET. Kesan kemasinan yang rendah (10-20 ppt) telah mengurangkan tempoh GET kerapu hibrid TG×GG. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa masa pengosongan gastrik paling pendek (GET) dan paling lama masing-masing adalah pada 15 ppt (12 jam) dan 30 ppt (18 jam). Pekali pencernaan yang ketara (ADC) menggunakan kandungan abu sebagai sampel rujukan diukur untuk menentukan penyerapan nutrien dalam setiap rawatan. Penyerapan makronutrien yang meningkat dalam kerapu hibrid TG×GG dapat diperhatikan apabila kemasinan berkurangan. Penyerapan yang tinggi dapat dilihat dalam kemasinan yang rendah iaitu 15 ppt (72% protein, lipid 75%, karbohidrat 68% dan tenaga 74%) manakala penyerapan paling rendah berlaku dalam 30 ppt (59% protein, lipid 64%, karbohidrat 34% dan tenaga 55%). Penemuan mendedahkan bahawa kemasinan 15 ppt dapat mempercepatkan proses pencernaan dan penyerapan nutrien yang maksimum dan seterusnya menyumbang kepada tumbesaran yang lebih cepat dalam spesis ikan kerapu yang baru dibangunkan ini.

 

Kata kunci: Akuakultur; kemasinan; kerapu hibrid; pencernaan; penyerapan nutrient

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: simon@ukm.edu.my