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http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4808-01
Headwater Streams
Contain Amounts of Heavy Metal in an Alpine Forest in the Upper Reaches of the
Yangtze River
(Aliran
Kepala Air Mengandungi
Amaun Logam Berat
di Hutan Alpin di Bahagian
Hulu Sungai Yangtze)
ZIYI LIANG, FUZHONG WU*, WANQIN YANG, YU ZHANG, JUNWEI WU
& FAN YANG
Long-term Research
Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry
Engineering, Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural
University, Chengdu
China
Diserahkan: 1 Jun
2017/Diterima: 21 Januari 2018
ABSTRACT
Headwater streams are
an essential link in the source and sink dynamics of heavy metals between
terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and are also critically important for
downstream ecosystem processes and water quality. However, there is little
available information about headwater streams. Therefore, the stream storage
and distribution patterns of Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn were investigated in ten headwater streams of an
Alpine forest located in the upper Yangtze River during the rainy season. The
results indicated that the heavy metal storage per unit area of the
investigated streams was as follows: 0.95 mg·m-2 for
Cd, 8.36 mg m-2 for Pb, 1.98 mg m-2 for
Ni, 136.98 mg m-2 for Cr, 9.29 mg m-2 for
Cu, 433.39 mg m-2 for Mn and 29.07 mg m-2 for Zn; while the heavy metal storage per unit area of
the catchment was as follows: 1.19 mg hm-2 for Cd, 10.47 mg hm-2 for Pb, 2.48 mg hm-2 for Ni, 171.62 mg hm-2 for
Cr, 11.64 mg hm-2 for Cu, 542.99 mg hm-2 for Mn and 36.42 mg hm-2 for
Zn. Headwater streams present remarkable potential for contamination, and plant
debris from riparian forests may be the most important source of heavy metals,
while the stream sediment acts as a significant sink for heavy metals. These
results provide new perspectives and data for understanding the ecological
links between alpine forests and watersheds.
Keywords: Headwater streams;
heavy metal storage; plant debris;
ABSTRAK
Aliran kepala air adalah
satu pautan
penting dalam dinamik
sumber dan
sink logam berat antara
ekosistem daratan
dan akuatik dan
juga amat
penting bagi proses hiliran ekosistem dan kualiti air. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat sedikit maklumat tentang aliran kepala air. Oleh yang demikian, aliran penyimpanan dan pengedaran corak Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Mn dan Zn dikaji
dalam sepuluh
aliran kepala air untuk hutan Alpin yang terletak di bahagian hulu Sungai
Yangtze. Hasil menunjukkan bahawa menyimpanan logam berat setiap kawasan
unit aliran dikaji
adalah seperti berikut: 0.95 mg·m-2 untuk
Cd, 8.36 mg m-2 untuk Pb,
1.98 m mg-2 bagi Ni, 136.98 mg m-2
untuk Cr, 9.29 mg m-2 untuk
Cu, 433.39 mg m-2 untuk
Mn dan 29.07 mg m-2 untuk Zn; sementara penyimpanan logam berat setiap unit luas kawasan tadahan
adalah seperti
berikut: 1.19 mg hm-2 untuk
Cd, 10.47 mg hm-2 untuk
Pb, 2.48 mg hm-2 untuk
Ni, 171.62 mg hm-2 untuk
Cr, 11.64 mg hm-2 untuk Cu, 542.99 mg hm-2
untuk Mn dan
36.42 mg hm-2 untuk Zn. Aliran kepala air menunjukkan potensi yang luar biasa bagi
pencemaran dan
sisa loji dari
hutan riparia mungkin
menjadi sumber terpenting logam berat, sementara endapan sungai bertindak sebagai sinki yang ketara bagi logam berat.
Keputusan ini
memberikan perspektif yang baru dan data untuk
memahami hubungan
ekologi antara hutan Alpin dan tadahan air.
Kata kunci: Aliran kepala air; penyimpanan logam berat; sedimen; sisa loji kawasan pulihara air
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: wufzchina@163.com
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