Sains Malaysiana 51(5)(2022): 1411-1424

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5105-12

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Alpinia malaccensis (Burm. f.) Roscoe and Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome Essential Oil Gel Formulations by Carrageenan Induction Method

(Aktiviti Anti-Radang Alpinia malaccensis (Burm. f.) Roscoe dan Kaempferia galanga L. Rizom Formulasi Gel Minyak Pati melalui Kaedah Aruhan Karaginan)

MUCHTARIDI MUCHTARIDI^1,*, DERIF A. ABDULLAH¹, CECEP SUHANDI¹, SRI A. SUMIWI² & NUR KUSAIRA KHAIRUL IKRAM^3,4

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia

²Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia

³Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

⁴Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 6 September 2021/Diterima: 14 Oktober 2021

ABSTRACT

Bioactive compound from essential oils of Alpinia malaccensis (AM) and Kaempferia galanga (KG) rhizomes, respectively, such as methyl cinnamate and ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EPMS) have been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. The present study aimed to determine the topical anti-inflammatory activity of 3 gel formulations (Formula 1, 2 and 3) having different concentrations of essential oil from AM and KG rhizomes. The gelling agent used in this study was Carbopol 934. The physicochemical parameters of the gel formulations such as organoleptic, pH, viscosity, and spreadability as well as hedonic test were also examined. The anti-inflammatory activity assay was carried out using the carrageenan induced rat paws edema method. The chemical composition of AM and KG rhizomes was identified by GC-MS with LRI index. The major essential oils content in AM and KG rhizome was methyl cinnamate (58.80%) and ethyl-p-methoxy cinnamate (59.68%), respectively.  Based on the results of physical evaluation, hedonic test and anti-inflammatory activity, Formula 1 with 5% AM and 2.5% KG essential oils is the best formula with % inflammation inhibition of 36.32 ± 6.32%.

Keywords: Alpinia malaccensis; anti-inflammatory; essential oil; gel preparations; Kaempferia galanga

ABSTRAK

Sebatian bioaktif daripada minyak pati rizom Alpinia malaccensis (AM) dan Kaempferia galanga (KG) seperti metil sinamat dan etil-p-metoksisinamat (EPMS) telah dilaporkan mempunyai aktiviti anti-radang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktiviti anti-radang topikal daripada 3 formulasi gel (Formula 1, 2 dan 3) yang mempunyai kepekatan minyak pati yang berbeza daripada rizom AM dan KG. Agen gel yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah Carbopol 934. Parameter fizikokimia daripada formulasi gel seperti organoleptik, pH, kelikatan dan daya sebaran serta ujian hedonik juga diperiksa. Ujian aktiviti anti-radang dilakukan menggunakan kaedah karaginan yang menyebabkan kebengkakan pada tapak kaki tikus. Komposisi kimia daripada rizom AM dan KG dikenal pasti oleh GC-MS dengan indeks LRI. Kandungan minyak pati utama dalam rizom AM dan KG adalah metil sinnamat (58.80%) dan etil-p-metoksisinnamat (59.68%). Berdasarkan hasil penilaian fizikal, ujian hedonik dan aktiviti anti-radang, Formula 1 dengan minyak pati 5% AM dan 2.5% KG adalah formula terbaik dengan % perencatan keradangan sebanyak 36.32 ± 6.32%.

Kata kunci: Alpinia malaccensis; anti-radang; Kaempferia galanga; minyak pati; sediaan gel

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^*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: muchtaridi@unpad.ac.id