Sains Malaysiana 37(4): 351-358(2008)

Permodelan dan Analisis Data Penyerapan Logam Berat oleh

Sayuran Berdaun Terpilih

(Modelling and Data Analysis on the Absorption of Heavy
Metals by Selected Vegetables)

Ahmad Mahir Razali, Nor Asyikin A.K.

Pusat Pengajian Sains Matematik, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi

Selangor D. E. Malaysia

Khairiah Jusoh, Siti Adyani S., Wardatun Aathirah & Maimon Abdullah

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D. E. Malaysia

Aminah Abdullah

Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia dan Teknologi MakananFakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D. E. Malaysia

Diserahkan: 16 Ogos 2007 / Diterima: 12 Februari 2008

ABSTRAK

Kajian yang dijalankan adalah berkaitan dengan penentuan model yang sesuai serta analisis data penyerapan logam berat oleh sayuran berdaun yang terpilih iaitu kangkung (Ipomea aquatica), sawi bunga (Brassica chinensis var parachinensis), bayam (Amaranthus oleraceus L) dan sawi putih (Brassica chinensis L.).  Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dan membandingkan kandungan serta corak pengambilan logam berat yang diserap oleh sayuran dan juga bahagian-bahagiannya yang meliputi daun, batang dan akar. Penentuan model yang dibuat bertujuan bagi melihat corak penyerapan logam berat oleh sayuran atau bahagian sayuran tertentu. Logam berat yang dikaji  terdiri daripada kadmium , kromium, kuprum, ferum , mangan, plumbum dan zink. Plot serakan digunakan bagi menentukan corak pengambilan logam berat dalam sayuran dan bahagian-bahagiannya. Selain itu ujian Kruskal-Wallis digunakan bagi membuat perbandingan median di antara logam berat yang diserap oleh sayuran yang dikaji. Nilai khi-kuasa dua dan juga nilai-p digunakan bagi menentukan sama ada sesuatu logam berat yang diserap itu berkait rapat dengan jenis sayuran secara signifikan. Secara umum bolehlah dikatakan bahawa logam Fe, Mn dan Zn adalah dominan dalam semua bahagian sayuran yang dikaji. Selain itu, melalui ujian Kruskal-Wallis didapati penyerapan kesemua logam berat pada setiap bahagian sayuran adalah berbeza secara signifikan. Penyuaian model regresi linear, kuadratik, kubik atau eksponen telah dilakukan terhadap data ini dan didapati kebanyakan data dapat disuaikan dengan baik oleh model kuadratik dan kubik berdasarkan nilai pekali penentuan (R²). 

Kata kunci: Logam berat; model regresi linear; sayuran dan pencemaran; ujian Kruskal-Wallis 

ABSTRACT 

A study on the determination of the suitable model and data analysis on  the absorption of heavy metals by leafy vegetables were carried out on selected vegetable like convolvuluv (Ipoema reptans), mustard  (Brassica chinensis var parachinensis), chinese spinach (Amaranthus oleraceus L.) and chinese white cabbage (Brassica chenensis L.).  The objectives of the study were to determine and compare the concentration and uptake pattern of heavy metals by various parts of  the vegetable including leaf,  stem and root.  The model determination was used to study the distribution patern of heavy metals absorption  by various parts of vegetables. Heavy metals studied were cadmium, chromium, copper, lead iron,  manganese, lead and zinc.  The distribution pattern  was used to determine the uptake of heavy metals by various  parts of  vegetables.  Kruskal-Willis Test was performed to compare the mean of heavy metals absorped by the vegetables. Chi-square statistic and p-value were used to determine the significant of the relation between heavy metals and types of vegetables studied.  In general Fe, Mn and Zn were dominant in all vegetables studied.  Kruskal-Wallis Test showed the significant different of  heavy metals absorbed by various parts of the vegetables. Regression model, quadratic, cubic and exponent model performed indicated that most data suited very well with quadratic and cubic model based on the coefficient of determination (R²) value. 

Keywords: Heavy metals; linear regression model; vegetable and pollution; kruskal-wallis test

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