Sains Malaysiana 48(2)(2019): 393–399

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4802-17

Insight Observation into Rapid Discoloration of Batik Textile Effluent by in situ Formations of Zero Valent Iron

(Pemerhatian Celik Akal pada Penyahwarnaan Pesat Efluen Tekstil Batik dengan Pembentukan in situ Ferum Bervalensi Sifar)

MOHD SHAIFUL SAJAB^1,2*, NUR NADIA NAZIRAH ISMAIL^1,2, JUDE SANTANARAJ^1,2, ABDUL WAHAB MOHAMMAD^1,2, HASSIMI ABU HASSAN^1,2, CHIN HUA CHIA³, SARANI ZAKARIA³ & AN'AMT MOHAMED NOOR⁴

¹Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

⁴Fakulti Agro Industri dan Sumber Asli, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Karung Berkunci 36, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

Received: 9 July 2018/Accepted: 1 October 2018

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the discoloration of textile effluent from batik industrial wastewater by Fenton oxidation process using Fe(II), Fe(III) and in situ formation of zero valent iron (Fe(0)). The controlled parameters indicate the Fenton oxidation reaction is ideal on effluent at pH5, concentration colour of 4005 mg/L Pt-Co units using 0.5 mg/mL of catalyst dosage to meet the regulation for Malaysian quality water standard. The optimization of Fe(0) precursors, Fe(II) shows a higher discoloration efficiency in comparison with Fe(III). The synthesized particles of Fe(0) shows a nano spherical structure in the diameter range of 20-70 nm, aggregated and into a chain-like formation. Subsequently, the performance of Fe(0) was improved up to 97% discoloration in comparison with 89% discoloration by Fe(II). Whereas, the in situ formation of Fe(0) in batik effluent shows a complete discoloration ascribable to higher reactivity than partially oxidized of synthesized ex situ Fe(0). On top of that, in situ Fe(0) performed at the expeditious reaction in less than five min. Additionally, the regeneration of Fe(0), Fe(II) and Fe(III) show a potential of catalyst recyclability up to three cycles of Fenton oxidation but with a tolerable reduction to 62.1% of effluent discoloration.

Keywords: Colour removal; Fe(0); Fenton oxidation; in situ nanoparticles; textile effluent; water remediation

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bermatlamat untuk mengkaji penyahwarnaan efluen tekstil daripada air sisa industri batik melalui proses pengoksidaan Fenton menggunakan Fe(II), Fe(III) dan pembentukan in situ ferum bervalensi sifar (Fe(0)). Parameter terkawal menunjukkan tindak balas pengoksidaan Fenton adalah sesuai ke atas efluen pada pH5, warna berkepekatan 4005 mg/L Pt-Co unit dengan menggunakan 0.5 mg/mL dos pemangkin bagi memenuhi pengawalan piawaian kualiti air Malaysia. Pengoptimuman bagi pelopor Fe(0), menunjukkan Fe(II) memberikan penyahwarnaan yang lebih cekap berbanding Fe(III). Zarah Fe(0) yang tersintesis menunjukkan struktur nano bersfera berdiameter dalam julat 20-70 nm, terkumpul dan membentuk struktur seperti berantai. Kemudian, prestasi Fe(0) telah meningkat sehingga 70% penyahwarnaan berbanding 89% penyahwarnaan menggunakan Fe(II). Sementara itu, pembentukan in situ Fe(0) di dalam efluen batik menunjukkan penyahwarnaan lengkap disebabkan tindak balas yang lebih tinggi berbanding ex situ Fe(0) tersintesis separa teroksida. Malah, in situ Fe(0) terhasil pada tindak balas yang pantas dalam masa kurang lima minit. Tambahan lagi, penjanaan semula Fe(0), Fe(II) dan Fe(III) menunjukkan potensi pengitaran semula pemangkin sehingga tiga pusingan pengoksidaan Fenton dengan penurunan yang boleh diterima kepada 62.1% penyahwarnaan.

Kata kunci: Efluen tekstil; nanopartikel in situ; pengoksidaan Fenton; penyingkiran warna pemulihan air

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*Corresponding author; email: mohdshaiful@ukm.edu.my