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Sains Malaysiana 48(5)(2019): 1055–1064
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4805-14
The ‘Irrational’ Taboos and ‘Irrelevant’
Traditions Related to Postpartum Women’s Health and Well-Being
(Pantang Larang dan Tradisi ‘Tidak Rasional’
dan ‘Tidak Relevan’ Berkaitan dengan Kesihatan dan Kesejahteraan
Wanita Postpartum) WONG CHIN
MUN,
FAIZ
BIN DAUD*, LAVANYAH A/P SIVARATNAM
& DIANA SAFRAA SELIMIN
Department
of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Kuala Lumpur,
Federal Territory, Malaysia Received: 9 September
2018/Accepted: 27 February 2019 ABSTRACT Taboos and traditions refer to
myths and non-scientific practices held by people across the
world. A variety of taboos are practiced worldwide (including
those relating to food, religious, and sexual beliefs), including
in Malaysia. Most of the taboos that concern the postpartum
period are related to postpartum physiological, emotional, and
family dynamic changes. The aim of this systematic review is
to explore the traditions and taboos practised among postpartum
mothers in Malaysia, and to consider the purpose and health
impact of their practice. A systematic search of journals in
Malaysia was conducted using eight major databases: Scopus,
Ovid Medline, Science Direct, SAGE, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Google
Scholar, and EBSCOhost. Articles from all journals published
between 2013 and 2018 were assessed through the PRISMA checklist. From 17,945
papers screened, seven papers were selected for critical analysis
using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (2018). It was found
that in Malaysia, certain postpartum traditions, including food
taboos and behavioural and physical restrictions were conducted
with the aim of maintaining the well-being of mother and baby,
and to improve the healing process. Some of the practices were
found to be irrelevant, whilst others had beneficial health
impacts. Based on this review, the practice of certain taboos
and traditions during the postpartum period was found to have
both advantages and disadvantages. A rational approach is needed
to weigh the practice against maternal safety and health. Thus,
healthcare personnel should be sensitive to the role of taboos
and traditions in the postpartum care of patients. The practice
of traditions and taboos should be monitored for safe practice,
along with a need for community-based education to avoid any
unwanted issues as a result of its practice. Keywords: Malaysia; postpartum
taboo; postpartum traditional practices; taboos; traditions
ABSTRAK
Pantang larang dan tradisi merujuk
kepada mitos dan amalan bukan saintifik yang dipercayai oleh
masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Pelbagai pantang larang diamalkan
di seluruh dunia (termasuk yang berkaitan dengan makanan, kepercayaan
agama dan seksual), termasuklah di Malaysia. Kebanyakan pantang
larang bagi tempoh postpartum berkaitan dengan postpartum fisiologi,
emosi dan dinamik perubahan keluarga. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk
meneroka tradisi dan pantang larang yang diamalkan para ibu
postpartum di Malaysia dan mempertimbangkan kesan kesihatan
dan tujuan amalan yang dilakukan. Carian sistematik dalam jurnal
di Malaysia dijalankan menggunakan lapan pangkalan utama: Scopus,
Ovid Medline, Science Direct, SAGE,
PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar dan EBSCOhost.
Artikel daripada semua jurnal yang diterbitkan antara tahun
2013 dan 2018 dinilai melalui senarai semak PRISMA. Daripada 17,945 kertas yang disaring, tujuh kertas
kerja telah dipilih untuk analisis kritikal menggunakan Alat
Penilaian Kaedah Campuran (2018). Ditemui bahawa di Malaysia,
beberapa tradisi postpartum, termasuklah pantang larang pemakanan
dan sekatan tingkah laku dan fizikal bertujuan untuk kesejahteraan
ibu dan bayi dan melancarkan proses penyembuhan. Ada amalan
yang dikesan tidak relevan, manakala amalan yang lain berfaedah
kepada kesihatan. Berdasarkan kajian ini, amalan tradisi dan
pantang larang sepanjang tempoh postpartum didapati mempunyai
kebaikan dan keburukan. Pendekatan rasional diperlukan untuk
menimbang amalan terhadap kesihatan dan keselamatan para ibu.
Oleh itu, kakitangan kesihatan perlu peka terhadap peranan pantang
larang dan tradisi dalam penjagaan pesakit postpartum. Amalan
adat dan pantang larang perlu dipantau untuk keselamatan, bersama-sama
dengan pendidikan berkomuniti untuk mengelakkan sebarang isu
yang tidak diingini akibat daripada amalan yang dilakukan. Kata kunci: Amalan tradisi postpartum; Malaysia; pantang larang;
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