Sains Malaysiana 48(5)(2019): 1111–1119

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4805-20

 

Subminiature Panel (SMA-P) Coaxial Sensor for the Determination of Moisture Content of Mango cv. Chok Anan

(Penderia Sepaksi Panel Subminiatur (SMA-P) untuk Penentuan Kandungan Lembapan Mangga cv. Chok Anan)

 

NORADIRA SUHAIME¹, MASNIZA SAIRI², ZULKIFLY ABBAS¹*, NUR BIHA MOHAMED NAFIS¹, ZAULIA OTHMAN³, AMIR SYARIFFUDDEEN MHD ADNAN², AMIR REDZUAN SHAMSULKAMAL² & TEN SENG TEIK²

 

¹Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Engineering Research Center, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), MARDI Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

³Industrial Crop Research Center, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), MARDI Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received: 30 November 2018/Accepted: 11 March 2019

 

ABSTRACT

The research describes the development of a simple, cheap and efficient open-ended coaxial sensor for the determination of moisture content of Chok Anan mango during fruit ripening from week 5 to week 17. The sensor was a modification of a standard subminiature panel (SMA-P). The finite element method was used to calculate the numerical values of the reflection coefficient. The reflection coefficient of the sensor was measured using a Microwave Network Analyzer in the frequency range from 1 to 4 GHz. The actual moisture content was obtained using standard oven drying method. A calibration equation was obtained to predict moisture content from the measured reflection coefficient at 1 GHz with accuracy within 1.5%. The results indicate that the amount of m.c. in Chok Anan mango can be determined with excellent accuracy using a SMA-P coaxial sensor as an OEC sensor.

 

Keywords: Finite element method; moisture content; open-ended coaxial sensor; reflection coefficient; SMA-P

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini menghuraikan pembangunan penderia sepaksi hujung terbuka yang mudah, murah dan cekap dalam menentukan kandungan lembapan mangga Chok Anan sepanjang kematangan buah dari minggu ke 5 hingga minggu 17. Penderia tersebut adalah pengubahsuaian daripada panel subminiatur (SMA-P) piawai. Kaedah Unsur Terhingga digunakan untuk menghitung nilai berangka pekali pantulan. Pekali pantulan untuk penderia diukur dengan menggunakan Microwave Network Analyzer dalam julat frekuensi daripada 1 hingga 4 GHz. Kandungan lembapan sebenar diperoleh menggunakan kaedah piawai pengeringan ketuhar. Persamaan penentukuran diperoleh untuk meramalkan kandungan lembapan daripada pengukuran pekali pantulan pada 1 GHz dengan ketepatan yang diperoleh adalah 1.5%. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa jumlah m.c. dalam mangga Chok Anan boleh ditentukan dengan ketepatan yang sangat baik menggunakan penderia sepaksi SMA-P sebagai penderia OEC.

 

Kata kunci: Kaedah unsur terhingga; kandungan lembapan; penderia sepaksi hujung-terbuka; pekali refleksi; SMA-P

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*Corresponding author; email: za@upm.edu.my