Sains Malaysiana 50(5)(2021): 1445-1456

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5005-23

Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Malaysian Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Extracts with that of Selected Natural Products and its Effect on the Viability of Myoblast Cells in Culture

(Perbandingan Aktiviti Antioksidan Halia (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Malaysia dengan Produk Semula Jadi Terpilih dan Kesannya terhadap Kebolehidupan Sel Mioblas dalam Kultur

NUR FATIN NABILAH MOHD SAHARDI¹, FAIZUL JAAFAR¹, SITI NOR ASYIKIN ZAKARIA¹, JEN KIT TAN¹, MARIAM FIRDHAUS MAD NORDIN² & SUZANA MAKPOL¹*

¹Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

HCTM, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

²Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

Received: 28 July 2020/Accepted: 25 September 2020

ABSTRACT

Ginger has been proven to possess various therapeutic effects, including antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, data on the comparison of ginger antioxidant activity with that of other natural products are still lacking. This study aimed to analyse and compare the antioxidant properties of two types of Malaysian ginger extracts (GE1 and GE2) with that of selected natural products. The antioxidant activities were measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, while cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfonyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. The order of the DPPH scavenging activities was as follows: vitamin C > palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) > á-tocopherol > N-acetylcysteine (NAC) > Ficus deltoidea > butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) > Centella asiatica > GE2 > GE1 > Moringa oleifera > Kelulut honey; the order of the mean FRAP value was as follows: NAC > á-tocopherol > BHT > TRF > Ficus deltoidea > Moringa oleifera > GE2 = GE1 > Centella asiatica > Kelulut honey. The viability assays showed that both ginger extracts significantly increased the percentage of viable cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, neither of the ginger extracts was cytotoxic toward cells and both possessed comparable antioxidant properties, indicating their potential for ameliorating oxidative stress.

Keywords: Antioxidant property; gingerol; Malaysian ginger; myoblasts; shogaol

ABSTRAK

Halia telah terbukti mempunyai pelbagai kesan terapeutik termasuklah kesan anti-bakteria, anti-kanser, anti-radang dan antioksidan. Namun sehingga kini, perbandingan aktiviti antioksidan antara halia dengan produk semula jadi yang lain masih lagi kurang. Oleh itu, tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan ciri-ciri antioksidan yang ada pada dua jenis ekstrak halia (GE1 dan GE2) yang ada di Malaysia dengan produk semula jadi yang lain. Aktiviti antioksidan telah diukur melalui asai 2,2-difenil-1-fikril-hidrazil-hidra (DPPH) dan asai aktiviti penurunan kuasa antioksidan ion ferik (FRAP), manakala kebolehidupan sel ditentukan melalui asai 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-yil)-5-(3-karboksimetoksifenil)-2-(4-sulfonil)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS). Susunan untuk aktiviti hapus sisa radikal bebas DPPH adalah seperti berikut: vitamin C > fraksi kaya tokotrienol (TRF) > á-tokoferol > NAC > Ficus deltoidea > BHT > Centella asiatica > GE2 > GE1 > Moringa oleifera > madu Kelulut, manakala susunan untuk aktiviti penurunan kuasa antioksidan ion ferik (FRAP) adalah seperti berikut: NAC > á-tokoferol > BHT > TRF > Ficus deltoidea > Moringa oleifera > GE2 = GE1 > Centella asiatica > madu Kelulut. Asai kebolehidupan sel menunjukkan peratus kebolehidupan sel yang dirawat dengan kedua-dua ekstrak halia meningkat secara signifikan (p < 0.05). Kesimpulannya, kedua-dua jenis ekstrak halia ini tidak memberi kesan toksik terhadap sel dan mengandungi ciri-ciri antioksidan yang berpotensi mengurangkan aras tekanan oksidatif.

Kata kunci: Ciri antioksidan; gingerol; halia Malaysia; mioblas; shogaol

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*Corresponding author; email: suzanamakpol@ppukm.ukm.edu.my