Sains Malaysiana 51(10)(2022): 3195-3202

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5110-07

Monosaccharide Profile and Antioxidant Activities of Sulphated Polysaccharide Extracted from Indonesian Brown Seaweed (Sargassum sp.)

(Profil Monosakarida dan Aktiviti Antioksida Polisakarida Tersulfat yang Diekstrak daripada Rumpai Laut Perang Indonesia (Sargassum sp.))

SENG JOE LIM^1,2,*, SHARIFAH HABIBAH SYED KHALAFU¹, STEFAN BÖHMDORFER³, THOMAS ROSENAU³, MOHAMAD YUSOF MASKAT^1,2, NOOR SOFFALINA SOFIAN SENG^1,2, NOORUL SYUHADA MOHD RAZALI^1,2 & WAN AIDA WAN MUSTAPHA^1,2

¹Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria

Received: 5 June 2022/Accepted: 1 August 2022

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the monosaccharide profile and antioxidant activities of the sulphated polysaccharide fucoidan, extracted from Sargassum sp. harvested in Batam, Indonesia. Crude fucoidan (F_sar) was extracted using low pH (pH 2) acid method, obtaining a yield of 5.5% (w/w), and the chemical properties of F_sar were subsequently compared to commercial fucoidan (F_comm), obtained from Japan. Sulphate contents were determined using spectrophotometric analysis, where F_sar (5.21±0.35%) and F_comm (8.80±0.19%) differed significantly (p<0.05). Monosaccharide profiling was performed using methanolysis and gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID). F_sar contained fucose (138.34 µg/g), 4-O-methyl-glucuronic acid (105.39 µg/g), galactose (70.49 µg/g) and glucuronic acid (30.60 µg/g) while F_comm contained fucose (520 µg/g) and glucuronic acid (62.93 µg/g) as its main composition. Antioxidant activities were analysed through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion (SOA) and hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenging activities. DPPH scavenging activity of F_sar (40.67±4.0%) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than F_comm(10.11±1.0%), while SOA and ·OH scavenging activities showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between F_sar and F_comm. F_sar showed significant differences (p<0.05) in chemical properties and DPPH scavenging activities compared to that of F_comm. Fucoidan from Southeast Asia waters has the potential for application as functional ingredients.

Keywords: Brown seaweed; DPPH; fucoidan; monosaccharide profiling; sulphated polysaccharides

Abstrak

Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti profil monosakarida dan aktiviti antioksida polisakarida tersulfat fukoidan yang diekstrak daripada Sargassum sp., dari Batam, Indonesia. Fukoidan kasar (F_sar) diekstrak dengan kaedah pengekstrakan asid pada pH rendah (pH 2) dan telah memperoleh hasil pengekstrakan sebanyak 5.5% (w/w). Seterusnya, ciri kimia F_sar telah dibandingkan dengan fukoidan komersial dari Jepun (F_comm). Kandungan sulfat dikenal pasti menggunakan kaedah spektrofotometrik dengan F_sar (5.21±0.35%) dan F_comm (8.80±0.19%) menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan (p<0.05). Pemprofilan monosakarida dijalankan menggunakan kaedah metanolisis dan kromatografi gas-pengesan nyala pengionan (GC-FID). F_sar didapati mengandungi fukosa (138.34 µg/g), asid 4-O-methil-glukuronik (105.39 µg/g), galaktosa (70.49 µg/g) dan asid glukuronik (30.60 µg/g); manakala F_comm mengandungi fukosa (520 µg/g) dan asid glukuronik (62.93 µg/g) sebagai monosakarida utama. Aktiviti antioksidan dianalisis menggunakan kaedah pemerangkapan radikal bebas2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), anion superoksida (SOA) dan radikal hidroksil (·OH). F_sar (40.67±4.0%) menunjukkan aktiviti pemerangkapan radikal bebas DPPH yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) berbanding F_comm(10.11±1.0%), manakala aktiviti pemerangkapanSOA dan ·OH tidak menunjukkan perbezaan signifikan (p>0.05) antara F_sar dan F_comm. Secara keseluruhannya, F_sar menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan (p<0.05) dalam ciri kimia dan aktiviti pemerangkapan radikal bebas DPPH berbanding F_comm. Ini menunjukkan fukoidan dari perairan Asia Tenggara mempunyai potensi untuk dibangunkan sebagai ingredien kefungsian. 

Kata kunci: DPPH; fukoidan; pemprofilan monosakarida; polisakarida tersulfat; rumpai laut perang

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^*Corresponding author; email: joe@ukm.edu.my