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Sains Malaysiana 51(1)(2022): 137-147 http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5101-11
Catalytic Degradation of
Chlorinated Lignin in Pulp Bleaching Wastewater over Immobilized Laccase
(Degradasi Katalitik Lignin Berklorin dalam Air
Buangan Pelunturan Pulpa pada Lakase Pegun)
1Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources
and Fermentation Technology, Nanyang Institute of Technology, 473000 Nanyang,
China
2Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin
Environment, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fujian Province University,
350300 Fuzhou, China
3Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming
University of Science and Technology, 650500 Kunming, China
Received: 9 January 2021/Accepted: 22 April 2021
ABSTRACT
The
aim of this study was to use molecular sieves (NaY, MCM-48, SSZ-13) and graphene oxide (GO) as supports to immobilize
laccase to increase its activity and stability. A series of characterization of
immobilized laccases against kinetic parameter and stability were carried out,
and it was showed that the GO-immobilized laccase (Lac/GO) was better than
molecular sieve-immobilized laccases (Lac/NaY, Lac/MCM, Lac/SSZ) in terms of
activity and stability test using ABTS
(2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) as substrate. The
impacts of enzymatic catalysis on degradation of chlorinated lignin from pulp
bleaching wastewater were studied through the structural characterization with 31P-NMR.
Lac/GO was able to perform the most extensive oxidation of the chlorinated
lignin, as demonstrated by the increase of carboxyl groups and the decrease of
aliphatic hydroxyl groups. Noteworthy, significant degradation of condensed
lignin substructures occurred during Lac/GO catalyzed oxidation of chlorinated
lignin was observed, while the content of phenolic hydroxyl groups of
chlorinated lignin substantially increased due to the cleavage of β-O-4 bonds compared to molecular sieve-immobilized laccases. It
was also proved that catalytic degradation using Lac/GO as a biocatalyst is the
effective method to reduce pollution load of pulp bleaching wastewater. The
maximum degradation of chlorinated lignin in pulp bleaching wastewater was
achieved with the degradation rate of chlorinated lignin of 88.6% at 5.0 g/L
Lac/GO dose, 50 °C, 4 h, pH 5.0. The removal of COD, TOC, and colour was 86.2, 85.8 and 92.2%, respectively.
Keywords: Biocatalysis;
chlorinated lignin; degradation; laccase; pulp bleaching wastewater
ABSTRAK
Tujuan kajian ini adalah
untuk menggunakan saringan molekul (NaY, MCM-48, SSZ-13) dan grafin teroksida
(GO) sebagai sokongan terhadap lakase pegun untuk meningkatkan aktiviti dan
kestabilan. Beberapa pencirian kepada lakase pegun terhadap parameter
kinetik dan kestabilan telah dijalankan dan keputusan pencirian menunjukkan
bahawa GO - lakase pegun (Lac/GO) adalah lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan
saringan molekul - lakase pegun (Lac/NaY, Lac/MCM, Lac/SSZ) dari segi ujian
aktiviti dan kestabilan menggunakan ABTS
(2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-asid sulfonik)) sebagai substrat.
Kesan daripada pemangkinan enzim pada degradasi lignin berklorin daripada air
buangan pelunturan pulpa telah dikaji melalui pencirian struktur menggunakan 31P-NMR.
Lac/GO dapat membuat proses pengoksidaan yang paling ekstensif untuk lignin
berklorin, seperti yang ditunjukkan daripada peningkatan kumpulan karboksil dan
pengurangan kumpulan hidroksil alifatik. Degradasi bererti daripada substruktur
lignin mampat telah berlaku ketika pemangkinan pengoksidaan Lac/GO daripada
lignin berklorin telah diperhatikan, manakala kandungan kumpulan hidroksil
fenol daripada lignin berklorin telah meningkat secara mendadak disebabkan
pembelahan ikatan β-O-4 jika dibandingkan dengan penggunaan saringan
molekul - lakase pegun. Kajian ini juga membuktikan bahawa degradasi
pemangkinan menggunakan Lac/GO sebagai katalisis biopemangkin merupakan kaedah
yang berkesan untuk menurunkan pencemaran yang disebabkan daripada air buangan pelunturan
pulpa. Degradasi maksimum lignin berklorin dalam air buangan pelunturan pulpa
telah dicapai dengan kadar degradasi lignin berklorin pada 88.6% pada dos 5.0
g/L Lac/GO, 50 °C, 4 jam, pH 5.0. Penyingkiran COD, TOC dan warna masing-masing
adalah 86.2, 85.8 dan 92.2%.
Kata kunci: Air buangan
pelunturan pulpa; biopemangkin; degradasi; lakase; lignin berklorin
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*Corresponding author; email: lgdx602@sina.com
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