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Sains Malaysiana 51(9)(2022):
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5109-07
The
Influence of Season on Phenotypic Plasticity Symptoms in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Crested
Peach Flowers
(Pengaruh Musim terhadap Gejala Keplastikan Fenotip pada Bunga Crest Pic Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)
SAIFUDIN & ANDI
SALAMAH*
Cellular and Molecular
Mechanisms in Biological System (CEMBIOS) Research Group, Department of
Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16404, West Java, Indonesia
Received: 15 June 2021/Accepted: 14 April 2022
Abstract
The variation of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower
in the form of a crested peach is thought to show phenotypic plasticity
symptoms in nature. Phenotypic plasticity is a condition in which genotypes
give rise to different phenotypes in different environments. The aim of this
study was to determine the plasticity response of H. rosa-sinensis crested peach flowers to seasonal changes, both morphologically and
anatomically. Flower samples were taken from the residential area of Bojong Gede, Bogor, in two
different seasons: the dry season in 2018 and the rainy season in 2021.
Morphological observations were made by calculating the number and size of each
flower section using measuring instruments and a Dino-Lite microscope.
Anatomical observations were made by observing the internal structure of the
ovaries using a 4× magnification light microscope. Measurement of environmental
parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity, was also
carried out in this study to determine the symptoms of phenotypic plasticity.
The phenotypic plasticity responses of H. rosa-sinensis crested peach flower are
clearly observed in the number and composition of the stamen, staminodium petaloid, intermediate stamen-petal, and
external-internal structure of the ovary. H. rosa-sinensis, in the form of crested
flowers, showed a different phenotypic plasticity response in different
seasons. The light intensity and temperature factors play an important role in
phenotypic plasticity. Research with various observation times is still needed
to determine the range of phenotypic plasticity responses of the H. rosa-sinensis flower
form of crested peach in nature.
Keywords:
Crested; flower; Hibiscus rosa-sinensis;
phenotypic; plasticity
Abstrak
Variasi bunga Hibiscus rosa-sinensis berbentuk crest pic dianggap menunjukkan gejala keplastikan fenotip secara semula jadi. Keplastikan fenotip ialah keadaan apabila genotip menimbulkan fenotip yang berbeza dalam persekitaran yang berbeza. Matlamat kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan tindak balas keplastikan bunga crest pic H. rosa-sinensis terhadap perubahan musim secara morfologi dan anatomi. Sampel bunga diambil daripada kawasan perumahan Bojong Gede, Bogor, dalam dua musim berbeza: musim kering pada tahun 2018 dan musim hujan pada tahun 2021. Pemerhatian morfologi dilakukan dengan mengira bilangan dan saiz setiap bahagian bunga menggunakan alat pengukur dan Mikroskop Dino-Lite. Pemerhatian anatomi dibuat dengan memerhati struktur dalaman ovari menggunakan mikroskop cahaya pembesaran 4×. Pengukuran parameter persekitaran, seperti suhu, kelembapan dan keamatan cahaya, juga dijalankan dalam kajian ini untuk menentukan gejala keplastikan fenotip. Tindak balas keplastikan fenotip bunga crest pic H. rosa-sinensis diperhatikan dengan jelas dalam bilangan dan komposisi stamen, staminodium petaloid, stamen-kelopak perantaraan dan struktur luar-dalaman ovari. H. rosa-sinensis, dalam bentuk crest, menunjukkan tindak balas keplastikan fenotip yang berbeza pada musim yang berbeza. Faktor keamatan cahaya dan suhu memainkan peranan penting dalam keplastikan fenotip. Penyelidikan dengan pelbagai masa pemerhatian masih diperlukan untuk menentukan julat tindak balas keplastikan fenotip bagi bentuk bunga H. rosa-sinensis crest pic dalam persekitaran semula jadi.
Kata kunci: Bunga; Crest; fenotip; Hibiscus rosa-sinensis; keplastikan
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*Corresponding author; email: salamah@sci.ui.ac.id
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