Sains Malaysiana 51(3)(2022): 695-706

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5103-05

Selection of Sub1 Locus for Submergence-Tolerant Introgression in a Backcrossing of South Sumatra Rice based on SSR Markers

(Pemilihan Lokus Sub1 untuk Introgresi Ketahanan Penenggelaman dalam Kacukan Balik Padi Sumatera Selatan berasaskan Penanda SSR)

FIKRI ADRIANSYAH¹, MERY HASMEDA^2,*, RUJITO AGUS SUWIGNYO², ENTIS SUTISNA HALIMI², FATIMAH³, IMAM WIBISONO⁴ & UPIT SARIMANA⁵

¹Graduate Student, Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, 30139, Indonesia

  ²Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, 30139, Indonesia

  ³Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Tentara Pelajar 3A Cimanggu, Bogor, West Java, 16111, Indonesia

  ⁴Seed Supervision and Certification Center of South Sumatera Province, BPSB TPH South Sumatra Province, Indonesia

  ⁵Department of Research & Development, PT Sampoerna Agro Tbk, Palembang, 30127, Indonesia

Diserahkan: 14 Februari 2021/Diterima: 6 Ogos 2021

Abstract

The development of a new submergence-tolerant variety is one ideal solution to reduce submergence stress impact caused by the unpredictable occurrence of flooding in the South Sumatra riparian wetland rice cultivation area. The Sub1 gene for submergence tolerance was introgressed into South Sumatra riparian wetland rice from the donor parent FR13A using marker-assisted backcrossing. This study involves a backcrossing between Pelita Rampak and BC₁F₁ Pelita Rampak, FR13A-derived Sub1 breeding lines. The main objective of this study was to introgress the Sub1 gene in BC₂F₁ using marker-assisted selection (MAS). The introgression of the Sub1 gene in the backcrossed lines was confirmed by the tightly linked markers RM219 and RM23915. The segregation ratio of RM219 was a good fit to the expected 1:1 Mendelian single-gene model (DF = 1.0, p ≤ 0.05). In the background study, out of 237 SSR markers unlinked to the target loci, 84 were found to be polymorphic between the two parents and were used for background selection among the selected progeny. Recurrent parent genome recovery in the backcrossed lines ranged from 57.1% to 72.6%. Improvements in the tiller number, percentage of filled grain, productive tiller number and percentage of tiller number were found on these backcrossed lines. The five best backcrossed lines were selected based on SSR markers, submergence tolerance, phenotypic study and agronomic performance.

Keywords: Backcrossing; rice; SSR markers; Sub1 gene; submergence

Abstrak

Pembangunan varieti baru yang toleran terhadap penenggelaman adalah salah satu penyelesaian yang ideal untuk mengurangkan kesan tekanan banjir yang tidak dapat dijangkakan di kawasan penanaman padi di lembah Sumatera Selatan. Gen Sub1 untuk toleransi penenggelaman telah diintrogresikan kepada padi lembah Sumatera Selatan daripada induk penderma FR13A menggunakan Kacukan Balik Berbantukan Penanda. Kajian ini melibatkan kacukan balik antara Pelita Rampak dan BC₁F₁ Pelita Rampak, titisan biak baka Sub1 yang berasal daripada FR13A. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk memasukkan gen Sub1 kepada BC₂F₁ menggunakan Pemilihan Berbantukan Penanda (MAS). Introgresi gen Sub1 dalam titisan kacukan balik telah disahkan oleh penanda yang berkait rapat iaitu RM219 dan RM23915. Nisbah segregasi RM219 adalah bersesuaian dengan model gen tunggal Mendelian 1:1 yang dijangkakan (DF = 1.0, p≤0.05). Dalam kajian latar belakang, daripada 237 penanda SSR yang tidak berkaitan dengan lokasi sasaran, 84 didapati polimorfik antara dua induk dan digunakan untuk pemilihan latar belakang antara progeni terpilih. Pemulihan genom induk yang berulang dalam titisan kacukan balik berada antara julat 57.1-72.6%. Peningkatan bilangan tiler, peratusan butiran terisi, bilangan tiler produktif dan peratusan bilangan tiler dapat dilihat pada titisan kacukan balik. Lima titisan kacukan balik terbaik telah dipilih berdasarkan penanda SSR, toleransi penenggelaman, kajian fenotip dan prestasi agronomi.

Kata kunci: Gen Sub1; kacukan balik; padi; penanda SSR; penenggelaman

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^*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: m_hasmeda@yahoo.com