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Sains Malaysiana 47(1)(2018): 195–205 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4701-23
Effects of Nano-Carbon Reinforcement on
the Swelling and Shrinkage Behaviour of Soil (Kesan Pengukuhan Nanokarbon terhadap Sifat Pembengkakan dan Pengecutan Tanah)
MOHD RAIHAN TAHA1,2, JAMAL M.A. ALSHAREF1*, RAMEZ A. AL-MANSOB1 & TANVEER AHMED KHAN1
1Department of Civil and
Structural Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Institute for Environment and
Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Received: 8 March 2017/Accepted:
21 June 2017
ABSTRACT
In this study, the
performance of two types of nanocarbons (NCs),
namely carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs),
on the three-dimensional shrinkage and swelling properties of three clayey
soils were investigated. The specimens of soil mixed with clay with bentonite
contents of 0, 10 and 20% by weight of dry soil. NC contents
of 0.05, 0.075, 0.10 and 0.20% were chosen to investigate the influence of
different NC types, CNTs and CNFs.
All soil specimens were compacted under maximum dry unit weight and optimum
water content conditions by using standard compaction tests. The physical and
mechanical characteristics of the reinforced samples were then determined.
These included the desiccation cracking area, used to determine the crack
intensity factor (CIF), as well as the shrinkage and
swelling. The CIF for the soil specimens without NCs
were higher than the soil specimens with NC additives. These results
show that NCs decrease the development of desiccation cracks on the
surface of compacted samples. The shrinkage and swelling tests showed that the
rate of volume changing of the compacted soil specimens reduced with the
increasing of NCs.
Keywords: Compaction;
desiccation cracks; nano-fiber reinforcement; volume
change
ABSTRAK
Dalam kajian ini, prestasi dua jenis nanokarbon (NC), iaitu tiub nano karbon (CNT) dan serat nano karbon (CNF) terhadap sifat pengecutan tiga dimensi dan sifat pembengkakan tiga jenis lempung dikaji. Spesimen tanah dicampur dengan lempung pada kandungan bentonit 0, 10 dan 20% daripada berat tanah kering. Kandungan NC sebanyak 0.05, 0.075, 0.10 dan 0.20% dipilih untuk mengkaji pengaruh jenis NC yang berbeza iaitu CNT dan CNF. Semua spesimen tanah dipadatkan di bawah unit berat kering maksimum dan keadaan kandungan air yang optimum dengan menggunakan ujian pemadatan piawai. Ciri fizikal dan mekanik sampel tersebut ditentukan. Ini termasuk kawasan retak pengeringan yang digunakan untuk menentukan faktor keamatan retakan (CIF) serta pengecutan dan pembengkakan. CIF untuk spesimen tanah tanpa NC adalah lebih tinggi daripada spesimen tanah dengan bahan tambah NC. Keputusan ini menunjukkan bahawa NC mengurangkan pembentukan kesan retak pengeringan pada permukaan sampel yang dipadatkan. Ujian pengecutan dan pembengkakan menunjukkan bahawa perubahan kadar isi padu pada spesimen tanah yang dipadatkan dikurangkan dengan peningkatan NC.
Kata kunci: Pemadatan; pengukuhan nano-fiber; perubahan isi padu; retak pengeringan
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*Corresponding
author; email: jamalshref@yahoo.com
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